Where can pathogenic bacteria typically be found?

Pathogenic bacteria are microorganisms that can cause disease and are commonly found in various environments. The correct answer highlights their presence in air, water, soil, and physical contact surfaces—all of which are significant reservoirs for these bacteria.

In the air, bacteria can be aerosolized and transmitted from person to person or from contaminated surfaces. Water can harbor pathogenic bacteria, especially in untreated or contaminated sources, leading to waterborne illnesses. Soil is another common environment for bacteria, where they can survive and sometimes enter human bodies through contact with contaminated food, hands, or surfaces.

Moreover, physical contact with contaminated objects or surfaces can lead to the transfer of pathogenic bacteria, facilitating the spread of illnesses. This comprehensive range illustrates why option B is the most accurate choice regarding where pathogenic bacteria can be typically found.

Other options present narrower scopes or specific instances that do not fully encompass the typical environments where these bacteria thrive.